CNC machine tools and programming commonly used terms

In order to facilitate readers to read the related manuals of relevant numerical control data and foreign numerical control products, the commonly used numerical control vocabulary and its English corresponding words are selected here. The selected numerical control terms mainly refer to the international standard ISO 2806 and the national standard of the People's Republic of China GB 8129-1987. And some new CNC vocabulary emerged in recent years.

1) Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) uses computer-controlled machining functions to achieve numerical control.

2) Axis Machine parts can be used as a reference for linear or rotary motion.

3) The machine coordinate system (machine coordinate systern) is fixed on the machine tool and the Cartesian coordinate system is based on the zero point of the machine tool.

4) Machine Coordinate Origin The origin of the machine coordinate system.

5) Workpiece Coordinate System Cartesian coordinate system fixed to the workpiece.

6) Wrok-piexe Coordinate Origin Workpiece coordinate system origin.

7) Machine zero The machine zero specified by the machine manufacturer.

8) Reference Position A fixed point along the coordinate axis used for starting the machine. It can be referenced to the machine coordinate origin.

9)Absolute Dimension/Absolute Coordinates The linear distance or angle from the origin of a coordinate system.

10) Incremental Dimension/Incremental Coordinates The distance or angle from each point to the previous point in a series of point increments.

11) Least Input Increment (Least Input Increment) The minimum incremental unit of input in the machining program.

12)Least command Increment The unit of the minimum increment of command axis movement from the numerical controller.

13) Interpolation Determines the position coordinates of multiple intermediate points between two known points on the desired path or contour line based on a mathematical function (eg, a straight line, an arc, or a higher-order function). The operation process.

14) Llne Interpolation This is an interpolation method. In this method, interpolation between two points is approached along a straight point group, and the movement of the tool is controlled along this straight line.

15) Circula : Interpolation This is an interpolation method in which a point group approaching an actual circular arc is calculated based on the interpolated digital information between the two ends and the tool is controlled to move along these points. , processing arc curve.

16) Clockwise Arc tool reference point around the center of the track, in the direction of the negative rotation of the trajectory formed by the direction of rotation of the trajectory.

17) Counterclockwise Arc The tool reference point rotates around the center of the trajectory and rotates in the positive direction.

18) Manual part programming (Manual Part Prograrnmiog) manual preparation of part machining program.

19) Computer part program (Cornputer Part prograrnrnlng) prepares a part program by using a computer and an appropriate general-purpose processing program and a post-processing program to obtain a processing program.

20)Absolute Prograrnming Programs with control words that represent absolute dimensions.

21) Increment programming is programmed with a control word that represents an incremental size. twenty two,

22) Character A set of element symbols used to represent an organization or control data.

23) The Control Character appears in a specific message text, indicating the character of a control function.

24) Address A character or group of characters at the beginning of a control word used to identify the data that follows it.

25) Block Format Arrangement of words, characters and data in a block.

26) Instruction Code / Machine Code Computer instruction code, machine language, code used to represent instructions in the instruction set.

27) Program Number Number assigned to the front end of each program when identifying a machining program by number

28) Prograo Name Specifies the name for each program when identifying the machining program by name.

29) How the Command Mode instruction works.

30) Block A set of instructions that are used to implement a certain operation in a program.

31) P art Program In automatic processing, a sequential instruction set written in a language or in a certain format in order to make automatic operations effective. The part program is a machining program written on the input medium, or it can be an input machine prepared for the computer. After processing, the processing program is obtained.

32) Machine Program In an automatic machining control system, a sequential instruction set written in an automatic control language and format. These instructions are recorded on the appropriate input medium and are fully capable of direct operation.

33) End of Program Auxiliary function indicating completion of machining of the workpiece

34) Auxiliary function that causes the spindle function and other functions (such as cooling function) to be deleted after all commands of the End of Data block have been executed.

35) Program suspend (Progrom Stop) After the execution of all commands in the block, the spindle function and other functions are deleted, and the auxiliary functions of the subsequent data processing are terminated.

36) Preparation function (Preparatory Functton) to make the machine or control system to establish the order of processing functions.

37) Miscellaneou S Function A command that controls the switching function of a machine or system.

38) Tool Funetion Identify or adjust tools according to the appropriate format specification.

39) Feed Function Defines the command for the feedrate specification.

40) Spindle Speed ​​Function Defines the command for the spindle speed specification.

41)Feed Hold The function of temporarily interrupting the feed during the execution of the machining program.

42) Tool Path The path followed by the specified point on the cutting tool.

43) Zero Offset A characteristic of the CNC system. It allows the origin of the NC measurement system to move relative to the machine zero within a specified range, but its permanent zero exists in the CNC system. 44) Tool Offset (Tool Offset) The relative displacement applied to the machine coordinate axis in all or a specified part of a machining program. The direction of displacement of this axis is determined by the positive and negative values ​​of the offset value.

45) The Tool Length Offset is the deviation of the tool length direction.

46) Tool Radius Offset Tool offset in two coordinate directions.

47) Cutter Compensation The displacement perpendicular to the tool path is used to correct the difference between the actual tool radius and the programmed tool radius.

48) Tool Path Feedrate (Tool Path Feedrate) The speed at which the reference point on the tool moves along the tool path relative to the workpiece. The unit is usually expressed in terms of movement per minute or revolution.

49) Fixed Cycle (Canned Cycle) Pre-set some operation commands. According to these operation commands, the machine tool coordinate sleeve moves, the main sleeve works, and the fixed machining action is completed. For example, drilling, boring, tapping, and the combined actions of these machining operations.

50) Subprogram A part of a machining program that is invoked by an appropriate machining control command.

51) Planning sheet A part processing chart prepared for the preparation of a part before the machining process.

52) Executlve Program In the CNC system, an instruction set for running capability is established.

53) Override allows the operator to modify the manual control of the programmed values ​​of speed (eg, feedrate, spindle speed, etc.) during machining.

54) Servo-Mwchanisnt This is a servo system in which the controlled quantity is the derivative of mechanical position or mechanical position versus time.

55) Error The difference between the calculated, observed or actual value and the true, setpoint or theoretical value.

56) Resolution The minimum interval between two adjacent discretes.