What are the mine drainage systems?

Ascending drainage mainly includes three kinds of layout systems: direct drainage, relay drainage, and centralized drainage.
(1) Direct drainage. Pumping rooms are installed at each stage, and the water is directly raised to the ground by their respective drainage equipment. This drainage system, each level of drainage work independently of each other, but more than the required equipment, the laying of the pipeline within the wellbore and more complex management and inspection, metal ore rarely used.
(2) Relay drainage. The lower level of accumulated water is discharged by the auxiliary drainage equipment to the level of the upper horizontal main drainage equipment, and then discharged by the main drainage equipment to the surface. This type of drainage system is suitable for deep wells or mines with large upwelling water and low water inflow.
(3) Centralized drainage. The upper level of accumulated water is introduced into the water tank at the level of the lower main drainage device through the lower water well, the sewage drilling hole or the sewer pipe, and then discharged to the surface by the main drainage equipment. Although the drainage system of the upper level flows to the lower level and increases the drainage power consumption, it has the advantages of simple drainage system, low capital construction fee and management fee, and is used more in metal mines, especially the lower water inflow. Large and upper water inflows are more favorable.
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